utworzone przez webadmin | lut 11, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Journal of Świętokrzyskie Mountains Region
Series B – Natural Sciences
2009, No 30, 121-137
INVESTIGATIONS ON INSECT PARASITOIDS FROM THE FAMILY BRACONIDAE (HYMENOPTERA)
Stanisław K. Wiąckowski
Key words: Braconidae, taxonomic, insect parasitoids, biological control
Presented paper concerns Polish investigations on insect parasitoids from the family Braconidae (Hymenoptera). The first part of the paper deals with taxonomic characteristic and Polish papers on biology, ecology and host parasitoid relations are discussed. Many species from this family were utilized in biological control of insect pests in both Poland and foreign countries. The paper is based on 165 most important Polish papers on this subject.
utworzone przez webadmin | lut 11, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Journal of Świętokrzyskie Mountains Region
Series B – Natural Sciences
2009, No 30, 57-68
COMBUSTIBILITY OF NITRILE RUBBERS
Przemysław Rybiński, Grażyna Janowska
Key words: butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, thermal stability, flammability, oxygen index,cone calorimeter.
The paper discusses the test results of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber Perbunan NT 1845 and Perbunan NT 3945 flammability and properties that characterise these elastomers under fire conditions. The flammability was tested by means of oxygen index and thermovision methods. The thorough testing of flammability performed by means of a cone calorimeter made it possible to assess the behaviour of these polymers under fire conditions. The following properties of the tested copolymers were taken into account in this assessment: ignitability, heat release during combustion, smoke-forming capability and toxicity of the gaseous products of thermal decomposition and combustion. It has been found that the increase in the acrylonitrile unit content in the copolymer decreases its flammability and the relative toxic fire hazard, but clearly increases the smoke-forming capability and so the specific extinction area.
utworzone przez webadmin | lut 11, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Journal of Świętokrzyskie Mountains Region
Series B – Natural Sciences
2009, No 30, 155-166
WHY ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE?
Monika Żelezik
Key words: ecological farming, eco-products, sustainable developement
In recent years ecological agriculture meets with wider social approval in the world. Also in Poland it is being observed its very dynamic development despite that this system of management is on its initial stage of development. Undoubtedly it is influenced by noticeable crisis of food safety and also care of one’s health. These circumstances more often induce consumers to search for food of guaranteed quality. The system of ecological
agriculture takes into consideration these needs and produces food of higher nourishing and healthcare virtues. The products are not contaminated with rests of agrochemical means in comparison with these of conventional agriculture. Ecological households not only produce high quality food but also take care of quality of the environment they exist in. It requires large expenditure of work good organization and first of all constantly deepened knowledge. That is why ecological agriculture will not play an important role in agricultural production but it can be an interesting trend of development for some households groups.
utworzone przez webadmin | lut 11, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Journal of Świętokrzyskie Mountains Region
Series B – Natural Sciences
2009, No 30, 99-110
ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF SMALL RETENTION IN THE UPPER VALLEY OF THE BOBRZA RIVER
Mirosław Szwed
Key words: river catchments, small retention, depression, water reservoirs
The paper presents very simple and useful methods of water researches in small catchments for define ecological conditions of small retention. For several dozens of years some unfavourable processes, like: drying out of lands, decreases of ground water levels and high variations in river flows have taken place in the upper catchments of the Bobrza river (Burchard 1978, Prażak 1991). Significant changes in a surface water level caused a larger exploitation of underground waters in the Zagnańsk intake water. When in 1974 Kielce started water uptake from the underground Triassic reservoir, a successive process of drying out of the Bobrza river and its tributaries took place in the area of the water intake. In order to improve a water balance in the mentioned area some actions have been
undertaken within a project “Small retention of the Swietokrzyskie Province” carried out by the Swietokrzyski Office of Meliorations and Water Appliances (1999). The program aims at increasing a time and way of water circulation in river catchments by storing the water in water reservoirs. It will bring changes from a fast surface outflow to a slow ground outflow (Dziewoński 1973, Mioduszewski 1997). The positive project results can bring many changes in natural and social environments of the upper valley of the Bobrza river. By the other side dirty water in reservoirs can be danger for water organism. It would be a cause of eutrophication of natural water, increased temperature of surface water and silting reservoirs.
utworzone przez webadmin | lut 11, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Journal of Świętokrzyskie Mountains Region
Series B – Natural Sciences
2009, No 30, 29-37
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CARBON AND NITROGEN ORGANIC IN THE MINERAL HORIZON SOIL (0–10 CM) IN THE PART CENTRAL OF THE ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE MOUNTAINS
MAREK JÓŹWIAK, RAFAŁ KOZŁOWSKI, ELŻBIETA SYKAŁA
Key words: C/N ratio, ecosystem, Świętokrzyskie Mountains, organic matter
The research was led in the catchment of Base Station the Integrated Environment Monitoring of Św. Krzyż which is located on the northern slope of Łysa Góra, in the central part of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains, in the fir-beech forest ecosystem.
The samples were taken from the humus level form of rusty podzolic pseudogley soil. According to the methodology proposed by Kowalkowski and at authors (2002), the central points were species of trees which are characteristic for the typical forest ecosystem. The samples were taken from the depth 0–10 cm, along the lines led in 8 world directions. The Tree was the cardinal points, where the lines crossed. The distance of measurement points along the line amount to 10, 50, 100 and 300 cm from the tree trunk.
On Św. Krzyż the widest ratio C/N in the upper soils (0–10 cm) appears by the trees trunk and the places where is high contents of the organic matter. Data shows that the widest C/N ratio occurs by of fir trunk 25, 6:1, in the distance 50 cm 17,1:1 and on the 300 cm 19, 1:1, which indicates the slower mineralization of nitrogen.
